We are familiar with the “Glass is half full or half empty” metaphor. It is a great way to illustrate the difference between an optimist and a pessimist. Optimism is a psychological and often beneficial trait that helps individuals stay motivated, resilient and hopeful in the face of challenges. However, when optimism becomes too unrealistic, it can lead to what psychologists call “The Optimism Bias.”
Optimism bias or unrealistic optimism is the tendency to estimate only the positive outcomes of our actions instead of considering the negative ones as well. Every day we face different challenges in our lives, but how we overcome these challenges depends entirely on how we perceive the possible outcomes. For example, entrepreneurs can overestimate the possibility of success despite market statistics showing high rates of failure.
This bias is not limited to a definite group of people. In fact, it is a widespread phenomenon observed in different cultures and demographics. While optimism is a highly beneficial trait for motivation and a positive attitude, an exaggerated sense of optimism can lead to poor decision-making and disappointments.
LEADS TO UNREALISTIC OPTIMISM
What leads to optimism biases? The answer to this is not so easy because various psychological and social factors can lead to this trait.
The first lesson of optimism starts as early as our childhood. Kids are naturally quite optimistic. They tend to view everything from the bright side. As they are less exposed to negative assessment, they grow up with a more positive view of the world. This positive mindset is always encouraged, but too much of it can lead to unrealistic expectations, focusing more on positive information and downplaying negative possibilities.
Oftentimes, optimism can take place later in life due to the influence of the surrounding environment. Inspirational and successful life stories of others can make individuals believe that even if the odds are low, success will surely come. This positive attitude is good as long as it’s working as a driving force to work even harder to achieve respective goals. But the moment the expectation does not corroborate with real life, it turns to unrealistic optimism.
OPTIMISM BIAS AND LIFE
Optimism is great, but optimism bias is irrational. Too much unrealistic positivity can result in negative consequences because it makes individuals overconfident. Even when the risk is high, people are more likely to take unreasonable steps, assuming they are immune to negative outcomes. Looking at the bright side is not always favorable because life is not so simple. Failure is part of the process, but optimism bias people forget that. The tendency to overlook past mistakes and negative feedback can prevent them from making necessary changes in order to make rational decisions, approach matters, and achieve goals.
In some cases, optimism bias can reduce productivity as individuals tend to overestimate their capacity to handle tasks, leading to failure to follow through on responsibilities.
OVERCOMING OPTIMISM BIAS
No matter how conscious we are, in certain situations, optimism can turn into optimism bias. But there are methods to manage it effectively-
The most efficient way to refrain from optimism bias is to seek objective information. Making decisions based on statistical data and reliable information rather than an emotional approach can provide better results. Optimism is good only when it can meet expected results.
Besides, making decisions based on the perspective of others is helpful when it comes to avoiding unrealistic expectations. When influenced by optimism biases, our mind tends to overestimate our abilities even in the most adverse situations. But seeking an outsider’s perspective and judgement can really give the idea of how certain approaches should be taken.
Considering the possibility of failure when making decisions is also important because the success stories of others do not always comply with everyone. The practice of realistic pessimism can be of great help in this context. Even if things seem to be going well, it is better to prepare for the worst while considering every factor along the way.
SHAPING THE FUTURE WITH POSITIVITY
Optimism bias or unrealistic optimism may look like a very negative attribute, but if utilised wisely, it can help take steps toward a better future. It gives motivation to work harder in order to achieve goals that may seem quite impossible. Research shows that kids who grow up with an optimistic attitude tend to approach things with confidence and are more likely to achieve estimated goals.
When it comes to taking risks for new businesses, doing research in new areas, or decision-making in everyday life, optimism bias can be a part of the learning process that will determine future outcomes.
Optimism is a common psychological tendency that is generally a beneficial trait. So, it is always better to keep unrealistic optimism in check to avoid unnecessary risks. Ultimately, the goal is not to eliminate optimism or a positive mindset but to direct our thinking in a way that allows hopeful thinking while still making intellectual choices.
Author: Jarin Subah Turaba
